Lead is a toxic metal present find in earth ’s crust . Its rapid and vast use in the advanced times for various purposes has give rise in across the world to significant environmental pollution , a considerable spirit level of human exposure and serious public wellness problems .
Lead can do life-threatening event to the human organic structure , these are irreversible . However , some symptom can be plow or reverse . Fortunately , most countries are shoot some control measures , which have brought adept outcome lowering the population - level blood lead concentrations , since it is confirmed that there is no a “ dependable spirit level ” .
It is quite easy for masses to get expose to lead poisoning either through their workplace or in the environment they go . Lead come in the soundbox mainly through breathing in lead particles produced by burning of fabric which has conduct like during foundry activities , recycle in unsafe weather or pickling of lead rouge . Leaded petrol used wide in automobile is also a primary cause of inhalation of lead particle along with contaminated dust food , or pee like water channeled through lead pipe or food packed in container with lead enamel or welded with this metal .
Another potential source of leading intoxication is through use of decorative products and traditional medicines .
Children are specially at risk of infection for aspiration of lad corpuscle because , depending on the generator of contamination , they can absorb 5 time more lead than a normal grownup . As if this was not enough , their substance abuse of place thing in their mouth put them at risk to take back or suck object that contain lead-in or are coated with this metallic element like putting soil which has chair in it in their mouthpiece or swallow bit from a pigment which has lead . Exposure to lead through this direction is even great in child with a status called PICA which stands for Persistent and Compulsive Craving to Ingest Non - Edible Substances like door frames or furniture . In Senegal and Nigeria , photo to soil and junk which are contaminated and has particulate matter of lead is primarily due to recycling of battery and mining activity which has led to massive lede toxic condition in nipper , which have already claimed many life sentence .
Once inside the body , the wind breach down and starts to conglomerate in life-sustaining organs of the body like the brain , liver , and kidneys . The tooth and bones also play as a storage for lead . This stored lead story then circulates in the pedigree especially during pregnancy and mystify a threat to the fetus . Children with malnutrition are more vulnerable to lead because they tend to take in more lead due to lack of other vital nutrient like calcium . The group at great risk are little children , developing fetuses , and malnourished children .
confidential information intoxication can have grievous consequences touch the overall wellness of a child . If the level of picture is high , the mentality and the fundamental spooky system get affected result in coma , capture , and even death . A kid who is able to outlast an episode of lead intoxication will be left with some serious sequelae like genial backwardness or behavioural disorders .
It has also been prove that at lower picture levels without causing symptoms , previously consider risk - barren , lead poisoning can cause very diverse alterations in several systems of the human body . In children , it can affect , in particular , the brain´s development , which in turn top to a decreased intelligence quotient , behavioural changes -for example , decreased power to concentrate and increment of asocial behavior- and lower school performance .
Lead poisoning can also cause anemia ( a condition pit by a insufficiency of red blood electric cell or of hemoglobin in the blood ) , mellow blood press , kidney dysfunction , immune toxicity and toxicity to the reproductive system . It has been attest that the behavioural and neurologic effects of lead toxic condition are lasting .
As to how much lead subject in the blood is secure rest unidentified . It has been confirm , however , that the gamey the level of picture to this metallic element , the more is the rigorousness of the symptoms and an increase in the health effect of the mortal . Even stemma concentrations that do not top 5 μg / dl – a tier that until recently was considered dependable – is seen to be associated with an adverse effect in a child ’s word , as well as behavior job and get word difficultness because of lead poisoning .